Drug-drug interactions of immunosuppressants and other drugs in kidney post-transplant recipients

Introduction: Immunosuppressants (ISS) are the most crucial tools used in the therapeutic regimens of transplant recipients. Nevertheless, these drugs are not the only ones adopted by patients; therefore, knowing the possible drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between immunosuppressants and other drugs commonly used in kidney transplant recipients is essential to ensure the effectiveness and safety of treatments. In this way, the objective is analyzing the DDIs between the immunosuppressants and other commonly used medications on kidney transplant adult recipients with active medical records undergoing post-transplant follow-up for 4.4 years (mean). Methods: First, we performed a cross-sectional study based on patients' records, in which the patient's profile and drugs used were examined, and after we analyzed DDIs by the Micromedex Drug Interactions® database. Results: We analyzed 176 patients with a mean age of 47.6(± 12.5); most were male (67.7%), and the majority received a kidney from a deceased donor (81.4%). Patients were exposed to 15.0 (± 5.4) different medicines after the transplantation, and 7.4 (± 4.0) of these medicines were simultaneous. After analyzing the DDIs according to the severity of interaction, documentation quality interaction effect, clinical management and probable interaction mechanism, the most frequent interaction was with tacrolimus, classified as moderate, and the 3 major causes of interaction occurred with azathioprine according to the Micromedex database. The primary medicines involved with immunosuppressant interactions were proton pump inhibitors, ranitidine, domperidone, amlodipine, enalapril, allopurinol, cyclobenzaprine, amitriptyline, fluoxetine, and ciprofloxacin. These DDIs' effects were related to, mainly, increase their immunosuppressant activity. Conclusion: Although the immunosuppressants analyzed lacked many clinical DDIs significance with other medicines, the healthcare team needs to monitor their DDIs' effects to prevent and minimize side effects in transplanted recipients.

O isolamento social para prevenção da Covid-19 pode aumentar o risco de queimaduras no domicílio / Social isolation for prevention of Covid-19 may increase the risk of Burns at household

Resumo Introdução Durante a pandemia de Covid-19, o uso do álcool a 70° GL foi amplamente recomendado para a higienização das mãos e superfícies. Acoplada à maior permanência das pessoas dentro do domicílio, essa recomendação pode contribuir para o aumento do risco de queimaduras. Objetivo Delinear os riscos de queimaduras no contexto da pandemia. Método Revisão por meio de análise documental. Resultados O álcool líquido 70° GL e o álcool isopropílico 70° GL são substâncias que apresentam maior risco de ignição no uso e armazenamento. O álcool 70° GL em gel deve ser priorizado tanto pela maior facilidade de uso para antissepsia das mãos como pelo menor risco de inflamabilidade. Esses materiais não devem ser manuseados durante o preparo de alimentos. Conclusão As autoridades sanitárias e governamentais devem se responsabilizar pela divulgação dos cuidados necessários para prevenção de queimaduras e incêndios no contexto da pandemia.

Abstract Background During the Covid-19 pandemic, the use of alcohol at 70° GL was widely recommended for hand and surface hygiene. Combined with greater permanency of individuals in the household, this recommendation may contribute to an increased risk of burns. Objective To outline the risks of burns in the context of the pandemic. Method A review through document analysis was carried out. Results Liquid alcohol 70° GL and isopropyl alcohol 70° GL are substances that present a greater risk of ignition during use and storage. Alcohol 70° GL in gel should be prioritized both for its greater easier of use for hand antisepsis and for its lower risk of flammability. These materials must not be handled during food preparation. Conclusion Health and government authorities must be responsible for disseminating the necessary care to prevent burns and fires in the context of the pandemic.

Transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas: iniquidades na distribuição em território brasileiro, 2001 a 2020 / Hematopoietic stem-cell transplants in Brazil: inequities in the distribution in Brazilian territory, 2001 to 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a distribuição de Centros Transplantadores (CTs) e transplantes de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) no território brasileiro. Estudo descritivo, que reúne informações sobre a distribuição CTs e o número de procedimentos realizados entre 2001 e 2020, a partir das fontes dos dados: Sociedade Brasileira de Terapia celular e Transplantes de Medula Óssea (SBTMO); Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos (ABTO); Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS); e Ministério da Saúde (MS). Foram identificados 86 CTs, com predominância na região Sudeste do país (64%). A região Norte não possui CTs. No período contabilizaram-se mais de 30 mil procedimentos, concentrados nas regiões Sudeste e Sul. O TCTH do tipo alogênico foi prevalente. Constataram-se divergências entre os números de transplantes realizados a depender da fonte consultada. Apesar do crescimento do número de procedimentos no período do estudo, tanto a distribuição de CTs quanto o número de TCTHs se concentrou em regiões mais desenvolvidas. Essa heterogeneidade pode ter propiciado iniquidades no acesso ao tratamento pela população.

Abstract The scope of this article is to describe the distribution of Transplant Centers (TCs) and hematopoietic stem-cell transplants (HSCTs) in the Brazilian territory. It is a descriptive study, which brings together information on the distribution of TCs and the number of procedures performed between 2001 and 2020, based on the following data sources: the Brazilian Cell Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplant Society of (SBTMO); the Brazilian Organ Transplant Association (ABTO); the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS); and the Ministry of Health (MS). A total of 86 TCs were identified, predominantly in the Southeastern region of the country (64%). There are no TCs in the Northern region. Throughout the period, there were more than 30,000 procedures, concentrated in the Southeastern and Southern regions. The allogeneic type of HSCT was prevalent. Differences were found between the numbers of transplants performed depending on the source consulted. Despite the increase in the number of procedures during the period studied, both the distribution of TCs and the number of HSCTs were concentrated in more developed regions. This heterogeneity may have led to inequities in the access of the population to treatment.

[Hematopoietic stem-cell transplants in Brazil: inequities in the distribution in Brazilian territory, 2001 to 2020]. / Transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas: iniquidades na distribuição em território brasileiro, 2001 a 2020.

The scope of this article is to describe the distribution of Transplant Centers (TCs) and hematopoietic stem-cell transplants (HSCTs) in the Brazilian territory. It is a descriptive study, which brings together information on the distribution of TCs and the number of procedures performed between 2001 and 2020, based on the following data sources: the Brazilian Cell Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplant Society of (SBTMO); the Brazilian Organ Transplant Association (ABTO); the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS); and the Ministry of Health (MS). A total of 86 TCs were identified, predominantly in the Southeastern region of the country (64%). There are no TCs in the Northern region. Throughout the period, there were more than 30,000 procedures, concentrated in the Southeastern and Southern regions. The allogeneic type of HSCT was prevalent. Differences were found between the numbers of transplants performed depending on the source consulted. Despite the increase in the number of procedures during the period studied, both the distribution of TCs and the number of HSCTs were concentrated in more developed regions. This heterogeneity may have led to inequities in the access of the population to treatment.

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a distribuição de Centros Transplantadores (CTs) e transplantes de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) no território brasileiro. Estudo descritivo, que reúne informações sobre a distribuição CTs e o número de procedimentos realizados entre 2001 e 2020, a partir das fontes dos dados: Sociedade Brasileira de Terapia celular e Transplantes de Medula Óssea (SBTMO); Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos (ABTO); Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS); e Ministério da Saúde (MS). Foram identificados 86 CTs, com predominância na região Sudeste do país (64%). A região Norte não possui CTs. No período contabilizaram-se mais de 30 mil procedimentos, concentrados nas regiões Sudeste e Sul. O TCTH do tipo alogênico foi prevalente. Constataram-se divergências entre os números de transplantes realizados a depender da fonte consultada. Apesar do crescimento do número de procedimentos no período do estudo, tanto a distribuição de CTs quanto o número de TCTHs se concentrou em regiões mais desenvolvidas. Essa heterogeneidade pode ter propiciado iniquidades no acesso ao tratamento pela população.

Descripción de la disponibilidad y normas para el uso de las benzodiacepinas en algunos países de América Latina, 2022 / Description of benzodiazepines availability and regulation in several countries of Latin America, 2022 / Descrição da disponibilidade e regulamentação para o uso de benzodiazepínicos em alguns países da América Latina, 2022

Resumen: Introducción: las benzodiacepinas constituyen un grupo farmacológico de amplia prescripción a nivel mundial desde su aparición en la década de 1960. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar la disponibilidad, las modalidades de prescripción y dispensación de benzodiacepinas en diferentes países de América Latina, según reglamentación vigente en cada país participante del estudio. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, realizado con los datos disponibles al año 2022 de todos los países miembros de la Red de Centros de Información de Medicamentos de LatinoAmérica y el Caribe (Red CIMLAC) que fueron parte del estudio. Se utilizaron las bases de datos de las agencias regulatorias, la reglamentación vigente y otros documentos necesarios para obtener la información sobre la dispensación y prescripción en cada país. Resultados: doce de los 20 países de la Red CIMLAC completaron el estudio. El total de benzodiacepinas disponible en cada país varió entre 6 y 12 (media: 9). De ellas, en promedio 5 estaban incluidas en listados de medicamentos esenciales nacionales. La mayoría de los países cuentan con combinaciones a dosis fijas con benzodiacepinas. En todos los países se realiza la prescripción por receta especial. Más de la mitad de los países cuentan con recomendaciones nacionales. Conclusiones: la amplia disponibilidad de benzodiacepinas comercializadas, la existencia de combinaciones a dosis fijas y la falta de recomendaciones nacionales pueden ser factores que contribuyan al uso irracional de este grupo terapéutico.

Summary: Introduction: benzodiazepines constitute a widely prescribed group of drugs around the world, since they appeared in the sixties. This study aims to identify the availability, prescription modalities and dispensing of benzodiazepines in different countries around Latin America, as per the legal provisions in force in each of the countries participating in the study. Method: observational, descriptive, transversal study based on the information available in 2022 about all the member countries of the Network Medicines Information Centers of Latin America and the Caribbean (CIMLAC Network) that were part of the study. The databases of regulatory authorities were used and the legal provisions in force and relevant documents were consulted in order to obtain information on benzodiazepines dispensing and prescription in each country. Results: twelve out of the 20 CIMLAC Network member countries completed the study. The total number of benzodiazepines available in the study ranged from 6 to 12 (mean was 9), and 5 of them on average were included in the national essential medications lists. Most countries have benzodiazepines fixed dose combinations and in all countries a special medical prescription is needed. More than half of the countries have national recommendations. Conclusions: the wide availability of benzodiazepines in the market, the existence of fixed-dose combinations and the lack of national recommendations may constitute factors that contribute to the irrational use of this group of drugs.

Resumo: Introdução: os benzodiazepínicos constituem um grupo farmacológico amplamente prescrito em todo o mundo desde seu surgimento na década de 1960. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a disponibilidade, prescrição e modalidades de dispensação de benzodiazepínicos em diferentes países da América Latina, de acordo com as regulamentações vigentes em cada país participante do estudo. Materiais e métodos: estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal, realizado com os dados disponíveis até o ano de 2022 dos países membros da Rede de Centros de Informação sobre Medicamentos da América Latina e do Caribe (Red CIMLAC) que faziam parte do estudo. As bases de dados das agências reguladoras, normas vigentes e outros documentos necessários foram utilizados para obter informações sobre dispensação e prescrição em cada país. Resultados: doze dos 20 países da Rede CIMLAC completaram o estudo. O número total de benzodiazepínicos disponíveis em cada país variou entre 6 e 12 (média: 9). Destes, uma média de 5 foram incluídos nas listas nacionais de medicamentos essenciais. A maioria dos países tem combinações de dose fixa com benzodiazepínicos. Em todos os países é necessário prescrição especial. Mais da metade dos países têm recomendações nacionais. Conclusões: a ampla disponibilidade de benzodiazepínicos comercializados, a existência de combinações em doses fixas e a falta de recomendações nacionais podem ser fatores que contribuem para o uso irracional desse grupo terapêutico.

Dispensing of psychotropic drugs in the Brazilian capital city before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2020).

Objective: Evaluate the data on the psychotropic drugs dispensed by private community pharmacies before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study compared the quarterly and annual consumption of psychotropic drugs per Defined Daily Dose per 1000 inhabitants-day (DHD). Interrupted time series were also constructed to expose changes in the consumption pattern in the periods before and after March 2020. Results: Among the 20 most consumed psychoactive drugs, 12 were antidepressants, for example, escitalopram (DHD 7.996 and 10.626; p < 0.001), and sertraline (DHD 6.321 and 8.484; p < 0.001), in addition to the hypnotic zolpidem (DHD 6.202 and 8.526; p < 0.001). The time series reveals (R 2 value) a variation in drug dispensing, in DHD values, during the pandemic. Conclusion: Despite the higher variance, a significant increase is clearly seen in the consumption trends of psychoactive drugs, particularly antidepressants, consistent with the pandemic's influence on the general population's mental health.

The Costs of Burn Victim Hospital Care around the World: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Burn injuries are very common and fire-related burns account for over 300,000 deaths per year globally. The costs of the treatment of these patients change around the world. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic literature review to identify the costs related to hospital stays of burn victims in countries with different Human Development Index (HDIs). METHODS: PubMed, CINAHL and BVIS databases were searched using the following terms: "burn," treatment" and "costs". The review included articles that presented cost studies or economic assessments of burn victims in which the costs were reported, and published between 2012 and 2019. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Consensus on Health Economic Criteria. This review presents register in Prospero (CRD42019137580). RESULTS: The review included 19 economic studies conducted in 13 countries, most with a very high HDIs. Most studies estimated direct acute burn care costs through bottom-up costing and institutional data. Total hospital care costs ranged from US$ 10.58 to US$ 125,597.86 per patient, the cost of 1% of total body surface area burned ranged from US$ 2.65 to US$ 11,245.04, and the cost of hospital care per day, from US$ 24.23 to US$ 4,125.50. CONCLUSION: The costs are high and show wide discrepancies among countries. Medical costs and other losses caused by fatal and non-fatal burn injuries differ considerably among demographic groups, care protocols, and country HDIs.

Incidencia y factores asociados a sepsis en victimas quemadas internadas en un hospital brasileño / Incidence and factors associated with sepsis in burned victims admitted to a Brazilian hospital

OBJETIVO: Conocer la incidencia de sepsis y los factores asociados en las víctimas de quemaduras. MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo, en que el diagnóstico de sepsis fue confirmado por los criterios de definición de sepsis de la Asociación Americana de Quemaduras. Se investigó la asociación entre sepsis y las características del paciente, las quemaduras y el tiempo de hospitalización. RESULTADOS: La incidencia de sepsis fue 14,5% (n=27) de los pacientes y 77,7% (n=21) evolucionaron para alta hospitalaria. La incidencia de sepsis fue asociada con el porcentaje de superficie corporal quemada mayor que 10% (p<0,001) y una estadía hospitalaria mayor que 10 días (p<0,001). La mortalidad fue mayor en pacientes con sepsis (p=0,002). Hubo un cambio en la frecuencia de prescripción de antimicrobianos con el diagnóstico de sepsis, algunos foram prescritos solamente antes (ciprofloxacina, cefalotina, ceftriaxona, amoxicilina y gentamicina) y otros solamente durante el episodio de sepsis (tigeciclina, piperacilina y tazobactam, fluconazol y linezolida). CONCLUSIÓN: La incidencia de sepsis fue baja y está asociada con muerte. Se identifico que, el porcentaje de superficie corporal quemada y la duración de la estadía hospitalaria, están significativamente asociados con la incidencia de sepsis. La sepsis cambió el perfil del uso de antimicrobianos.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence of sepsis and factors associated with casualties of burns. METHODS: This is a retrospective study, in which the diagnosis of sepsis was confirmed by the criteria for definition of sepsis of the American Association of Burns. If we investigate the association between sepsis and patient characteristics, burns and hospitalization time. RESULTS: The incidence of sepsis was 14.5% (n=27) of patients and 77.7% (n=21) evolved to hospital discharge. The incidence of sepsis was associated with a body surface area percentage greater than 10% (p<0.001) and a greater state than 10 days (p <0.001). Mortality was higher in patients with sepsis (p=0.002). There was the change of antimicrobial profile. Same medicines was used only before the diagnosis (ciprofloxacin, cephalothin, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin and gentamicin) and other only after the sepsis diagnosis (tigecycline, piperacillin and tazobactam, fluconazol and linezolida). CONCLUSION: The incidence of sepsis is low and is associated with the disease. It has been found that the percentage of body surface burned and the length of hospital stay is significantly associated with the incidence of sepsis. The sepsis causes the change of antimicrobial use profile.

Os rastreadores de eventos adversos a medicamentos se aplicam a pacientes hospitalizados por queimaduras? / Do trigger tool drug adverse events apply to patients hospitalized for burns? / ¿Los rastreadores de eventos adversos a medicamentos se aplican a pacientes hospitalizados por quemaduras?

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a aplicabilidade dos rastreadores para identificação de eventos adversos a medicamentos em pacientes internados por queimaduras. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, baseado na revisão dos prontuários de pacientes hospitalizados na Unidade de Tratamento de Queimaduras do Hospital Regional da Asa Norte, Brasília, DF A aplicabilidade dos rastreadores foi verificada por meio da análise dos registros da evolução clínica dos pacientes. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 219 pacientes, dos quais 11 (5,0%) apresentaram eventos adversos registrados em prontuário. Em 57,1% (n=125) dos prontuários revisados foram encontrados rastreadores de eventos adversos a medicamentos, sendo os mais eficientes: antieméticos, anti-histamínicos, naloxona, elevação de creatinina sérica, contagem de plaquetas <50.000, sedação excessiva, rash cutâneo, transferência para nível de cuidado de maior complexidade e interrupção abrupta do tratamento. Contudo, verificou-se que alguns rastreadores se confundem com a evolução do tratamento ou com os procedimentos realizados, como é o caso do prurido e da glicose <50mg/dL. Houve associação entre o registro de eventos adversos com número de medicamentos utilizados maior que 13 (p=0,003). CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se que busca ativa de eventos adversos com uso de rastreadores ajudou na detecção de eventos dessa natureza, o que poderia melhorar o cuidado em saúde dos pacientes queimados. Contudo, os resultados apontaram a necessidade de validação de rastreadores específicos da terapêutica das queimaduras.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the applicability of trigger tools to detect adverse drug events in inpatients at the Burn Care Unit of Hospital Regional da Asa Norte, Brasília, DF. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study, we reviewed and analyzed electronic health records of inpatients. RESULTS: We analyzed 219 patients, eleven inpatients (5.0%) experienced adverse events. Here we show that trigger tools in 57.1% (n=125) of electronic health records reviewed. The trigger tools antiemetic, antihistamines, naloxone, serum creatinine elevation, platelet counts <50,000, excessive sedation, skin rash, to transfer to level of care more complex and abrupt cessation of treatment pointed out adverse drug events. We find association between occurrence of adverse events and number of drugs used greater than 13 (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: We observed that use of trigger tools in active surveillance allows for identification and assessment of adverse events among hospitalized patients. However, the results pointed out the need for validation of specific trigger tools of burn therapy.

Objetivo: Evaluar la aplicabilidad de rastreadores para identificación de eventos adversos por medicamentos en pacientes internados por quemaduras. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal, basado en la revisión de las historias clínicas de pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad de Tratamiento de Quemaduras del Hospital Regional da Asa Norte, Brasília, DF. La aplicabilidad de los rastreadores fue verificada por medio del análisis de los registros de evolución clínica de los pacientes. Resultados: Se analizaron 219 pacientes, de los cuales once (5,0%) presentaron eventos adversos registrados en las historias clínicas. En 57,1% (n=125) de las historias revisadas se encontraron rastreadores de eventos adversos a medicamentos, los más eficientes fueron: antieméticos, antihistamínicos, naloxona, aumento de creatinina sérica, conteo de plaquetas <50.000, sedación excesiva, rash cutáneo, transferencia para nivel de cuidado de mayor complejidad e interrupción abrupta del tratamiento, sin embargo, se verificó que algunos rastreadores se confunden con la evolución del tratamiento o con los procedimientos realizados, como es el caso de prurito y de glucosas <50mg/dL. Se encontró asociación entre el registro de eventos adversos y el número de medicamentos utilizados mayor que 13 (p=0,003). Conclusión: Se observó que la busca activa de eventos adversos con ayuda de rastreadores contribuyó en la detección de eventos de esta naturaleza, lo que podría mejorar el cuidado en salud de los pacientes quemados, sin embargo, los resultados apuntaron la necesidad de validación de rastreadores específicos para la terapéutica de las quemaduras.

Brazilian Drug Information Centre: descriptive study on the quality of information 2010-2015 / Centro Brasileño de Información sobre Medicamentos: estudio descriptivo de la calidad de la información 2010-2015

Objective: To define the activities of the Drug Information Centre of the Federal Council of Pharmacy (Cebrim/FCP), to describe the passive information and the satisfaction of its users. Method: The centre has a computerized system for recording and storing the received questions and their answers: the Sistema de Informação Farmacoterapêutica SIFAR (Pharmacotherapeutical Information System) that generates management reports; out of these, the reports from the period 2010 to 2015 were analyzed. Results: The main activity carried out by the centre was the passive information provided to pharmacists and undergraduate Pharmacy students. The most frequent subjects were: administration and way of use of medicines and indication and drug interactions, which were answered in less than 24 hours in most cases. Approximately 80% of those users who completed the satisfaction survey rated the service provided as good and optimal. Conclusion: Cebrim/FCP provides objective, updated and timely information (passive information) on medicines for pharmacists, with administration and way of use as the most recurrent subjects, and the majority of applicants were satisfied with the service (AU)

Objetivo: Caracterizar las actividades del Centro de Información sobre Medicamentos del Consejo Federal de Farmacia (Cebrim/CFF), describir la información pasiva y la satisfacción de sus usuarios. Método: El centro cuenta con un sistema informatizado de registro y almacenamiento de preguntas y respuestas recibidas (Sistema de Informação Farmacoterapêutica SIFAR), que genera informes gerenciales, del cual fueron analizados los informes del período de 2010 a 2015. Resultados: La actividad principal realizada por el centro fue la información pasiva brindada a farmacéuticos y estudiantes de pregrado de Farmacia. Los temas más frecuentes fueron administración y modo de uso de los medicamentos e indicación e interacciones medicamentosas, con respuesta en menos de 24 h, en la mayoría de los casos. Entre los usuarios que cumplimentaron la encuesta de satisfacción, aproximadamente el 80% de los usuarios clasificaron el servicio brindado como bueno y óptimo. Conclusión: Cebrim/CFF brinda información objetiva, actualizada y oportuna (información pasiva) sobre medicamentos para profesionales farmacéuticos, con administración y modo de uso como temas más recurrentes, y la gran mayoría de los solicitantes están complacidos con el servicio (AU)

Brazilian Drug Information Centre: descriptive study on the quality of information 2010-2015.

OBJECTIVE: To define the activities of the Drug Information Centre of the Federal Council of Pharmacy (Cebrim/FCP), to describe the passive information and the satisfaction of its users. METHOD: The centre has a computerized system for recording and storing the received questions and their answers: the Sistema de Informação Farmacoterapêutica SIFAR (Pharmacotherapeutical Information System) that generates management reports; out of these, the reports from the period 2010 to 2015 were analyzed. RESULTS: The main activity carried out by the centre was the passive information provided to pharmacists and undergraduate Pharmacy students. The most frequent subjects were: administration and way of use of medicines and indication and drug interactions, which were answered in less than 24 hours in most cases. Approximately 80% of those users who completed the satisfaction survey rated the service provided as good and optimal. CONCLUSION: Cebrim/FCP provides objective, updated and timely information (passive information) on medicines for pharmacists, with administration and way of use as the most recurrent subjects, and the majority of applicants were satisfied with the service.

Objetivo: Caracterizar las actividades del Centro de Información sobre Medicamentos del Consejo Federal de Farmacia (Cebrim/CFF), describir la información pasiva y la satisfacción de sus usuarios. Método: El centro cuenta con un sistema informatizado de registro y almacenamiento de preguntas y respuestas recibidas (Sistema de Informação Farmacoterapêutica SIFAR), que genera informes gerenciales, del cual fueron analizados los informes del período de 2010 a 2015.Resultados: La actividad principal realizada por el centro fue la información pasiva brindada a farmacéuticos y estudiantes de pregrado de Farmacia. Los temas más frecuentes fueron administración y modo de uso de los medicamentos e indicación e interacciones medicamentosas, con respuesta en menos de 24 h, en la mayoría de los casos. Entre los usuarios que cumplimentaron la encuesta de satisfacción, aproximadamente el 80% de los usuarios clasificaron el servicio brindado como bueno y óptimo.Conclusión: Cebrim/CFF brinda información objetiva, actualizada y oportuna (información pasiva) sobre medicamentos para profesionales farmacéuticos, con administración y modo de uso como temas más recurrentes, y la gran mayoría de los solicitantes están complacidos con el servicio.

Adverse drug reactions among patients admitted with infectious diseases at a Brazilian hospital.

INTRODUCTION:: Despite the therapeutic benefits of drugs, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occur. Method: We assessed a series of suspected ADRs identified from notifications and intensive monitoring of inpatients from March 2013 to March 2014. RESULTS:: Skin reactions predominated (31%). Systemic anti-infective agents were implicated in 16 (72%) reactions. Fifteen (68%) ADRs were classified as possible. The implicated drug was not correctly identified by the healthcare team in 12 cases. CONCLUSIONS:: Some reactions were not correctly attributed to the causative drug(s), suggesting that the use of a validated evaluation method can promote successful identification of causal links between ADRs and drugs.

Adverse drug reactions among patients admitted with infectious diseases at a Brazilian hospital

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Despite the therapeutic benefits of drugs, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occur. Method: We assessed a series of suspected ADRs identified from notifications and intensive monitoring of inpatients from March 2013 to March 2014. RESULTS: Skin reactions predominated (31%). Systemic anti-infective agents were implicated in 16 (72%) reactions. Fifteen (68%) ADRs were classified as possible. The implicated drug was not correctly identified by the healthcare team in 12 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Some reactions were not correctly attributed to the causative drug(s), suggesting that the use of a validated evaluation method can promote successful identification of causal links between ADRs and drugs.

Perfil dos pacientes hospitalizados na unidade de queimados de um hospital de referência de Brasília / Profile of hospitalized patients in burn's unit of a reference hospital in Brasilia

OBJETIVO: Apresentar o perfil dos pacientes hospitalizados na unidade de queimados do Hospital Regional da Asa Norte - DF. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal baseado na análise dos prontuários e do livro de registro da Unidade de Terapia de Queimados. Para a coleta de dados, foi realizado um censo do ano de 2014. Os dados coletados foram armazenados em um banco de dados no programa EpiData versão 3.0 e posteriormente analisados no Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) versão 20.0. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta por 219 pacientes, sendo 63% homens, e a média de idade foi de 32,4 (±20,1) anos. Os agentes térmicos foram os que mais causaram queimaduras nesta população (79,0%), sendo as de segundo grau as mais prevalentes (79,4%). As complicações durante a hospitalização foram frequentes (49,8%), com a infecção como causa mais comum. Dos pacientes hospitalizados, um terço necessitou de hemocomponentes (31,1%), principalmente concentrado de hemácias (23,4%). Em 86,0% dos casos, o desfecho foi alta, mesmo que com sequela. CONCLUSÕES: O perfil dos pacientes hospitalizados no ano de estudo demonstra que majoritariamente os pacientes são do sexo masculino com queimaduras térmicas, sendo geralmente recuperados até a alta hospitalar, mesmo que parte desses sofram complicações durante o período de hospitalização.

OBJECTIVE: To present the profile of hospitalized patients in the burn unit of Hospital Regional da Asa Norte - DF. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study based on the analysis of medical records and the record book of Burn Care Unit of the Hospital Regional da Asa Norte - DF. The collected data were stored in a database on EpiData 3.0 software and then analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0.  RESULTS: The sample consisted on 219 patients and 63% were men, the average age was 32.4 (±20.1) years. The thermal agents were the major cause of burns in this population (79.0%), being the second degree burns the most prevalent (79.4%). Complications during hospitalization were common (49.8%) being infections the most common. One third of the patients required blood products (31.1%), mainly red blood cells (23.4%). In 86% of cases the outcome was the discharged from the hospital, even with sequels. CONCLUSIONS: The study sample is predominantly made up of men whose burns were caused by thermal agents and that were generally recovered until hospital discharge, even if some of these complications suffered during hospitalization.